California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Hawkins, F064216 (Cal. App. 2013):
"'The interpretation of a statute and the determination of its constitutionality are questions of law. In such cases, appellate courts apply a de novo standard of review.' [Citations.]" (Valov v. Department of Motor Vehicles (2005) 132 Cal.App.4th 1113, 1120.)
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