California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Daniels, B249088 (Cal. App. 2014):
When a defendant challenges the voluntariness of a confession on appeal, we review independently the trial court's legal determination of voluntariness. (People v. Williams (1997) 16 Cal.4th 635, 659.) We review for substantial evidence any factual findings regarding the surrounding circumstances of the confession. (Id. at p. 660.)
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