The following excerpt is from U.S.A. v. Blackwell, 199 F.3d 623 (2nd Cir. 1999):
to plead guilty unless he understands, "at a minimum . . . that such a charge requires proof of an agreement between two or more persons to commit an offense . . . knowledge of the existence of a conspiracy; and an intent to participate in the unlawful enterprise." Irizarry v. United States, 508 F.2d 960, 966 (2d Cir. 1974).
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