The following excerpt is from Allen v. Bunnell, 891 F.2d 736 (9th Cir. 1989):
[t]his matter is controlled by Carter v. McCarthy, 806 F.2d 1373 (9th Cir.1986) which held that "for purposes of determining whether a plea is voluntarily and intelligently made, the critical fact is not that the imposition of the parole term is mandatory but that the parole term is to be served in addition to the term of the confinement under the sentence. In these circumstances, the judge handling the criminal proceedings must advise the defendant, inter alia, of the maximum period his liberty may be restrained both by way of imprisonment and parole."
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