California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Evans, E061508 (Cal. App. 2015):
Under the natural and probable consequences doctrine, an aider and abettor is guilty not only of the target offense he actually intends, but also of "any other offense that was a 'natural and probable consequence' of the crime aided and abetted." (People v. Prettyman (1996) 14 Cal.4th 248, 260.) Liability "'is measured by whether a reasonable person in the defendant's position would have or should have known that the charged offense was a reasonably foreseeable consequence of the act aided and abetted.'" (People v. Medina (2009) 46 Cal.4th 913, 920 (Medina).) "Whether a nontarget offense is a reasonably foreseeable consequence of the target offense is a fact-specific inquiry to
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