What is the test for establishing a charge of constructive possession?

¹⁶ See United States v. Mincoff, 574 F.3d 1186, 1198 (9th Cir.2009) (We adopt the rule articulated by our sister circuits that a narcotics distribution charge may be established without proof of possession.).

¹⁶ See United States v. Mincoff, 574 F.3d 1186, 1198 (9th Cir.2009) (We adopt the rule articulated by our sister circuits that a narcotics distribution charge may be established without proof of possession.).

¹⁷ See United States v. Terry, 911 F.2d 272, 278 (9th Cir.1990) (To prove constructive possession, the government must prove a sufficient connection between the defendant and the contraband to support the inference that the defendant exercised dominion and control over the substance.) (internal quotation marks omitted).

¹⁷ See United States v. Terry, 911 F.2d 272, 278 (9th Cir.1990) (To prove constructive possession, the government must prove a sufficient connection between the defendant and the contraband to support the inference that the defendant exercised dominion and control over the substance.) (internal quotation marks omitted).