California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Pub. Guardian of L.A. v. K.P. (In re Conservatorship of Person & Estate of K.P.), B291510 (Cal. App. 2019):
8. The requirement in criminal cases that constitutional error be found harmless beyond a reasonable doubt was set forth in Chapman v. California (1967) 386 U.S. 18, 24 ["before a . . . constitutional error can be held harmless, the court must be able to declare a belief that it was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt"].)
The above passage should not be considered legal advice. Reliable answers to complex legal questions require comprehensive research memos. To learn more visit www.alexi.com.