The following excerpt is from Shook v. McLeod, No. 2:20-cv-01146 JAM AC PS (E.D. Cal. 2020):
Furthermore, "[v]ague and conclusory allegations of official participation in civil rights violations are not sufficient." Ivey v. Bd. of Regents, 673 F.2d 266, 268 (9th Cir. 1982) (citations omitted).
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