The following excerpt is from Strand v. Lizzaraga, No. 2:18-cv-2624 MCE DB P (E.D. Cal. 2020):
show that the defendant was aware of plaintiff's prior protected conduct and that the protected conduct was "the 'substantial' or 'motivating' factor" behind the defendant's alleged misconduct. Brodheim v. Cry, 584 F.3d 1262, 1271 (9th Cir. 2009).
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