Does a jury have to agree that a defendant acted with the specific intent to promote, further or assist criminal conduct by gang members?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Pryor, B278881 (Cal. App. 2019):

defendant had the specific intent to promote, further, or assist criminal conduct by those gang members"]; People v. Villalobos (2006) 145 Cal.App.4th 310, 322 ["[c]ommission of a crime in concert with known gang members . . . supports the inference that the defendant acted with the specific intent to promote, further or assist gang members in the commission of the crime"].) On this record, the jury's true findings on the gang enhancements as to each appellant were supported by substantial evidence.8

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