The following excerpt is from Arden v. Oliver, No. 2:14-cv-1777 TLN DAD PS (E.D. Cal. 2015):
1. A federal court also "ha[s] an independent obligation to address sua sponte whether [it] has subject-matter jurisdiction." Dittman v. California, 191 F.3d 1020, 1025 (9th Cir. 1999).
2. The remaining causes of action of plaintiffs' complaint are all based on the alleged violation of state law.
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