When a court declines to exercise jurisdiction pursuant to the Colorado River doctrine, does the court have to stay the action or dismiss the action?

When it is appropriate for a court to decline to exercise jurisdiction pursuant to the Colorado River doctrine, we generally require a stay rather than a dismissal. Attwood v. Mendocino Coast Dist. Hosp ., 886 F.2d 241, 243 (9th Cir. 1989). A stay "ensures that the federal forum will remain open if for some unexpected reason the state forum.... turn[s] out to be inadequate." Id. (internal quotation marks omitted).

I. The district court abused its discretion by declining to stay the federal condemnation action.