What is the test for whether Plaintiff has sufficiently alleged that he engaged in protected activity to support his Title VII retaliation claim?

The court therefore finds that plaintiff has sufficiently alleged the first element of his Title VII retaliation claimthat he engaged in protected activity.⁹ See Raad, 323 F.3d at 1197 ("Protected activity includes the filing of a charge or a complaint, or providing testimony regarding an employer's alleged unlawful practices, as well as engaging in other activity intended to oppose an employer's discriminatory practices.") (internal quotations and brackets removed); see also Finley v. United Parcel Serv. Inc., No. 2:16-cv-00055-ROS, 2018 WL 6422082, at *12 (D. Ariz. Mar. 30, 2018) (noting that protected activity "must plausibly bear some relation to discrimination on the basis of a protected characteristic" and that "general complaints about the workplace or unfairness are not sufficient").

2. Whether Plaintiff Alleged that He Suffered Adverse Employment Actions