What is the test for presenting substantial exculpatory evidence to a grand jury?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from United States v. Bentley, CASE NO. 15cr0195 JM (S.D. Cal. 2016):

substantial exculpatory evidence to a grand jury," United States v. Bingham, 653 F.3d 983, 999 (9th Cir. 2011), and "an indictment valid on its face is not subject to challenge on the ground that the grand jury acted on the basis of inadequate or incompetent evidence." United States v. Calandra, 414 U.S. 338, 345 (1974).

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