What is the test for outrageous conduct in a claim for emotional distress?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Younan v. Equifax Inc., 111 Cal.App.3d 498, 169 Cal.Rptr. 478 (Cal. App. 1980):
(1) Outrageous conduct by the defendant; (2) the defendants' intention of causing or reckless disregard of the probability of causing emotional distress; (3) the plaintiff's suffering severe or extreme emotional distress; and (4) actual and proximate causation of the emotional distress by the defendants' outrageous conduct. (Little v. Stuyvesant Life Co. (1977) 67 Cal.App.3d 451, 136 Cal.Rptr. 653.)
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