What is the test for a claim for emotional distress arising from an incident in which a patient suffered severe emotional distress?

4 "This test is the subject of RESTATEMENT [(SECOND) OF TORTS] (1965) supra note 4, 46, which defines outrageous conduct causing severe emotional distress: '(1) one who by extreme and outrageous conduct intentionally or recklessly causes severe emotional distress to another is subject to liability for such emotional distress, and if bodily harm to the other results from it, for such bodily harm.' Further provisions extend liability for distress resulting from outrageous conduct, intentional or 'reckless,' directed at a third person, if the plaintiff is closely related and present at the time, or if the plaintiff is unrelated to the victim but suffers bodily harm from the emotional distress. (Id. 46(2)." (Blackmer, Molien v. Kaiser Foundation Hospitals: Negligence Actions for Emotional Distress and Loss of Consortium without Physical Injury (1981) 69 Cal.L.Rev. 1142, 1154, fn. 58.)