What is the test for making out a prima facie case of discrimination amounting to a denial of equal protection?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Ricketts v. City of Hartford, 74 F.3d 1397 (2nd Cir. 1996):

Brief, p. 46 (footnote omitted). The brief discusses the three elements set out in Castaneda v. Partida, 430 U.S. 482, 494, 97 S.Ct. 1272, 1280, 51 L.Ed.2d 498 (1977), required to make out a prima facie case of jury discrimination amounting to a denial of equal protection: (1) the court must determine whether the excluded group is cognizable; (2) the court must determine whether underrepresentation of the group is substantial; (3) the court must determine whether the method of jury selection is susceptible of abuse or not racially neutral. It discusses the facts that meet these criteria. A prima facie case of discrimination amounting to a denial of equal protection follows from meeting these criteria. A litigant is not required to incant the magic word "intentional."

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