What is the test for establishing that a defendant was part of a collective venture meeting the allegations of a conspiracy?
MultiRegion, United States of America
The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Miranda-Ortiz, 926 F.2d 172 (2nd Cir. 1991):
In order to prove a defendant's membership in an alleged conspiracy, the government must establish that he "participated in what he knew to be a collective venture meeting the allegations of the indictment." United States v. Alessi, 638 F.2d 466, 473 (2d Cir.1980). The government need not prove that he knew all the
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