What is the test for a plaintiff who is a member of a "suspect class" class to sue for discrimination?

"The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment commands that no State shall 'deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws,' which is essentially a direction that all persons similarly situated should be treated alike." City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Ctr., 472 U.S. 432, 439 (1985). A plaintiff who is a member of a "suspect" class must show that the "defendants acted with an intent or purpose to discriminate against [him] based upon membership in a protected class." Barren v. Harrington, 152 F.3d 1193, 1194 (9th Cir. 1998).