What is the test for a jury to convict a defendant on a charge of conspiracy to pervert the course of justice?

Due process requires the trial court to charge the jury on all the elements of the crimes alleged in the indictment. See Francis v. Franklin, 471 U.S. 307, 313, 105 S.Ct. 1965, 1970, 85 L.Ed.2d 344 (1985). A court's failure to instruct the jury on some of the elements of a charged crime has the effect of relieving the prosecution of part of its burden of proof in obtaining a conviction. See United States v. Rogers, 9 F.3d 1025, 1032 (2d Cir.1993), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 115 S.Ct. 95, 130 L.Ed.2d 45 (1994); United States v. Smith, 939 F.2d 9, 10-11 (2d Cir.1991) (per curiam), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 114 S.Ct. 209, 126 L.Ed.2d 165 (1993). The allegedly erroneous instruction "must be considered in the context of the charge as a whole," Francis v. Franklin, 471 U.S. 307, 315, 105 S.Ct. 1965, 1971, 85 L.Ed.2d 344 (1985), but the complete omission of an element of an offense violates due process.

"Without question, the object of a conspiracy constitutes an essential element of

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