California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Breedlove, 2d Crim. No. B296134 (Cal. App. 2020):
Substantial evidence supports the finding that the detention was not unreasonably prolonged and that appellant's Fourth Amendment rights were not violated. "'A detention is reasonable under the Fourth Amendment when the detaining officer can point to specific articulable facts that, considered in light of the totality of the circumstances, provide some objective manifestation that the person detained may be involved in criminal activity.". . . [Citation.]' [Citation.]" (People v. Letner and Tobin (2010) 50 Cal.4th 99, 145-146.) Officers may draw on their own experience and specialized training to make inferences and deductions about the cumulative information available to them that might well elude an untrained person. (Ibid.)
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