What is the effect of a final judgment on a cause of action?

a valid, final judgment, rendered on the merits, constitutes an absolute bar to a subsequent action between the same parties, or those in privity with them, upon the same claim or demand. It operates to bind the parties both as to issues actually litigated and determined in the first suit, and as to those grounds or issues which might have been, but were not, actually raised and decided in that action. The first judgment, when

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final and on the merits, thus puts an end to the whole cause of action.

Saylor v. Lindsley, 391 F.2d 965, 968 (2d Cir. 1968) (citations omitted).