The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Hooper, 935 F.2d 484 (2nd Cir. 1991):
A magistrate determined that the agents had probable cause to believe that the suitcase contained contraband. We accord the magistrate's determination "substantial deference." United States v. Nichols, 912 F.2d 598, 602 (2 Cir.1990). We agree with the magistrate's determination.
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