California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Marin, B256748 (Cal. App. 2015):
prosecution introduced no evidence to prove this element. On a bare record showing only that defendant was convicted by plea of violating section 192, subdivision (c)(1), we can conclude at most that he admitted his grossly negligent conduct proximately caused a death, not that he personally inflicted great bodily injury. "'Proximately causing an injury is clearly different from personally inflicting an injury.' [Citation.] 'To "personally inflict" an injury is to directly cause an injury, not just to proximately cause it. . . .' [Citation.]" (People v. Bland (2002) 28 Cal.4th 313, 337.) "'We think it obvious that an individual can and often does proximately cause injury without personally inflicting that injury. . . .' [Citation.]" (Ibid.)
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