What are the factors used to establish that nighttime and "high crime area" are high crime areas?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Peopel v. Schoennauer, 103 Cal.App.3d 398, 163 Cal.Rptr. 161 (Cal. App. 1980):
We recognize that the factors of "nighttime" and "high crime area" taken alone are insufficient to suggest criminality (People v. Bower, supra, 24 Cal.3d 638 at p. 645, 156 Cal.Rptr. 856, 597 P.2d 115) but together and in conjunction with the other elements observed by the police officers, they aid in suggesting some criminal activity and give rise to a reasonable suspicion.
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