Under what circumstances will a defendant be found guilty of assisting and abetting a crime?

Furthermore, under well-settled principles of California law, a defendant is guilty for any crime that he aids and abets, as well as any additional offenses that are committed by a principal if those additional offenses are a "natural and probable consequence" of the crime originally aided and abetted. People v. Prettyman, 14 Cal. 4th 248, 261 (Cal. 1996).

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Stated differently, an aider and abettor "is guilty not only of the offense he intended to facilitate or encourage, but also of any reasonably foreseeable offense committed." People v. Croy, 41 Cal. 3d 1, 12 (Cal. 1985). For example, "if a person aids and abets only an intended assault, but a murder results, that person may be guilty of that murder, even if unintended, if it is a natural and probable consequence of the intended assault." People v. McCoy, 25 Cal. 4th 1111, 1117 (Cal. 2001).