What is the test for seeking police protection in Pakistan?

The issue in this case is whether the claimant should have sought police protection in Pakistan. The leading case on this issue is Attorney General for Canada v. Ward, 1993 CanLII 105 (SCC), [1993] 2 S.C.R. 689 (S.C.C.), which held that the refugee claimant must make proof of the state's inability to protect the claimant, as well as the reasonable nature of the claimant's refusal to seek out this protection. La Forest J. held that there must be "clear and convincing" evidence of the state's inability to protect the claimant. The evidence must be proof on the balance of probabilities, not mere speculation.

In Minister of Employment and Immigration v. Villa Franca, 1950 N.R. 232 (F.C.A.) per Hugessen J.A. (as he then was), held at paragraph 7 that: [...] victims of terrorism do not become convention refugees simply because their governments have been unable to suppress the evil. Where, however, the state is so weak, and its control over all or part of its territory so tenuous as to make it a government in name only [...] a refugee may justly claim to be unable to avail himself of its protection."