What is the test for determining the quantum of damages awarded by a judge in a personal injury case?

See also Keizer v. Hanna, 1978 CanLII 28 (SCC), [1978] 2 S.C.R. 342 at 351, 3 C.C.L.T. 316, 82 D.L.R. (3d) 449, 19 N.R. 209: It is, of course, true that a trial judge must consider contingencies tending to reduce the ultimate award and give those contingencies more or less weight. It is equally true there are contingencies tending to increase the award to which a judge must give due weight. At the end of the day the only question of importance is whether, in all the circumstances, the final award is fair and adequate. Past experience should make one realize that if there is to be error in the amount of an award it is likely to be one of inadequacy. (The italics are mine.)