California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Ewing, 197 Cal.Rptr.3d 813, 244 Cal.App.4th 359 (Cal. App. 2016):
People v. Miranda (2011) 192 Cal.App.4th 398, 411, 121 Cal.Rptr.3d 231 (Miranda ).) "There is rarely direct evidence that a crime was committed for the benefit of a gang. For this reason, we routinely draw inferences about intent from the predictable results of action.... We can discover mental state only from how people act and what they say. " (Id. at pp. 411412, 121 Cal.Rptr.3d 231.)
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