California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Johnson, G056827 (Cal. App. 2020):
"[A]bsent deliberately coercive or improper tactics in obtaining the initial statement," the "subsequent administration of Miranda warnings . . . ordinarily should suffice to remove the conditions that precluded admission of the earlier statement." (Id. at p. 314; People v. Williams (2010) 49 Cal.4th 405, 436 [voluntariness determined by whether police officers obtained confessions by physical or psychological coercion].)
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