The following excerpt is from United States v. Grey, 959 F.3d 1166 (9th Cir. 2020):
The only case I am aware of appearing to depart from these principles is United States v. Johnson , 889 F.3d 1120 (9th Cir. 2018) (per curiam). There, Portland police officers conducted an inventory search of the defendant's vehicle and belongings following his arrest. Id. at 1123. The police department's policy required officers to conduct this inventory search and authorized them "to seize the items found for safekeeping." Id. at 1127. Despite the officers' lack of discretion, we analyzed the subjective motivations of the officers. We
[959 F.3d 1188]
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