California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from In re Scott, 129 Cal.Rptr.2d 605, 29 Cal.4th 783, 61 P.3d 402 (Cal. 2003):
6. We need not, and do not, decide whether a habeas corpus proceeding is civil or criminal for other purposes. (See In re Head (1986) 42 Cal.3d 223, 226, fn. 4, 228 Cal.Rptr. 184, 721 P.2d 65.) It is a special proceeding and not entirely analogous to either category. (People v. Duvall, supra, 9 Cal.4th at pp. 477-178, fn. 4, 37 Cal.Rptr.2d 259, 886 P.2d 1252.)
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