California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Garibay, F076861 (Cal. App. 2020):
such, the court did not exercise its discretion in an arbitrary, capricious or patently absurd manner that resulted in a manifest miscarriage of justice. The court's evidentiary ruling did not fall outside the bounds of reason under the applicable law and relevant facts. Thus, an abuse of discretion did not occur. (See People v. Rodrigues, supra, 8 Cal.4th at pp. 1124-1125; People v. Williams, supra, 17 Cal.4th at p. 162.) Consequently, reversal is not required for an alleged abuse of discretion. In any event, we also conclude that any presumed error was harmless.
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