In what circumstances will a jury award punitive damages against a defendant who failed to provide evidence of their financial circumstances?

In this case, the defendants did not present evidence of their financial circumstances, and the court therefore should not have instructed the jury to consider that issue in calculating a punitive award. See Lee v. Edwards, 101 F.3d 805, 813 (2d Cir. 1996) (noting that the jury properly did not weigh the defendant's financial resources in determining a punitive award because of the defendant's "tactical error" in failing to present relevant evidence). By doing so, the court not only relieved the defendants of their burden in this regard, but also left the jurors to speculate about the depth of the pockets from which the punitive damages would come.