The following excerpt is from Merriman v. Love, No. 2:19-cv-1443 CKD P (E.D. Cal. 2020):
Finally, plaintiff is informed that if he elects to amend again the court cannot refer to a prior pleading in order to make the second amended complaint complete. Local Rule 220 requires that an amended complaint be complete in itself without reference to any prior pleading. This is because, as a general rule, an amended complaint supersedes the original complaint. See Loux v. Rhay, 375 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir. 1967). Once plaintiff files a second amended complaint, the amended complaint no longer serves any function in the case. Therefore, in a second amended complaint, each claim and the involvement of each defendant must be sufficiently alleged.
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