The following excerpt is from Morgan v. Bennett, 204 F.3d 360 (2nd Cir. 1999):
If the defendant's intimidation causes the witness not to testify, the loss of her testimony may, to a degree, be offset by the introduction of the witness's prior grand jury testimony, see, e.g., United States v. Mastrangelo, 693 F.2d 269, 27273 (2d Cir. 1982), or of hearsay evidence
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