The following excerpt is from Rosales v. City of Chico, CIV. NO. 2:14-02152 WBS CMK (E.D. Cal. 2015):
intentionally applied." Brendlin v. California, 551 U.S. 249, 254 (2007) (citation and emphasis omitted). Contrary to defendants' argument, an arrest or detention is not required to give rise to Fourth Amendment protection. See id.
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