How does the Court of Appeal interpret the evidentiary rulings of the Superior Court of Justice?

We independently review questions of law but defer to the trial court's factual findings by affirming them when substantial evidence supports them. We review evidentiary rulings for abuses of discretion. The trial court's error in excluding evidence is grounds for reversing a judgment only if the party appealing demonstrates a miscarriage of justicethat is, that a different result would have been probable if the error had not occurred. (Pannu v. Land Rover North America, Inc. (2011) 191 Cal.App.4th 1298, 1317)