How do we review a sentencing decision for procedural reasonableness?

We review a district court's sentencing decision for procedural reasonableness "under a deferential abuse-of-discretion standard." United States v. Cavera, 550 F.3d 180, 189 (2d Cir. 2008) (en banc) (quotation marks omitted). A sentencing court makes a procedural error if, among other things, it "fails adequately to explain its chosen sentence," including "any deviation from the Guidelines range." Id. at 190 (quotation marks omitted). "Where, as here, a defendant does not object at sentencing to a district court's failure to explain its reasoning, we review the procedural challenge for plain error." United States v. Smith, 949 F.3d 60, 66 (2d Cir. 2020).