California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Bergara, B260564 (Cal. App. 2016):
However, the confrontation clause "'does not necessarily prohibit the admission of hearsay statements against a criminal defendant . . . .'" (People v. Kons (2003) 108 Cal.App.4th 514, 521.) "'Only the admission of testimonial hearsay statements violates the confrontation clause . . . .' [Citations.] . . . 'The court [in Crawford, supra, 541 U.S. 36] explained that the confrontation clause addressed the specific concern of "[a]n accuser who makes a formal statement to government officers" because that person "bears testimony in a sense that a person
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