California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Smith v. Rae-Venter Law Group, 127 Cal.Rptr.2d 516, 29 Cal.4th 345, 58 P.3d 367 (Cal. 2002):
Section 98.2(c) provides that the trial court "shall" assess costs and reasonable
[127 Cal.Rptr.2d 526]
attorney fees against an appellant who is unsuccessful in the appeal. As used in the Labor Code, "shall" is mandatory. ( 15; see Morris v. County of Marin (1977) 18 Cal.3d 901, 908, 136 Cal.Rptr. 251, 559 P.2d 606 [construing 3800].)[127 Cal.Rptr.2d 526]
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