California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Dubon, B276791 (Cal. App. 2018):
Section 186.22 "imposes various punishments on individuals who commit gang-related crimesincluding a sentencing enhancement on those who commit felonies 'for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with any criminal street gang.'" (People v. Prunty (2015) 62 Cal.4th 59, 67 (Prunty), italics omitted.) Section 186.22, subdivision (f), defines a criminal street gang as "any 'ongoing organization, association, or group of three or more persons' that shares a common name or common identifying symbol; that has as one of its 'primary activities' the commission of certain enumerated offenses; and 'whose members individually or collectively' have committed
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