The following excerpt is from Simmons v. Ayers, 878 F.2d 386 (9th Cir. 1989):
For purposes of 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1983, a person acts under color of state law only when exercising power "possessed by virtue of state law and made possible only because the wrongdoer is clothed with the authority of state law." Polk County v. Dodson, 454 U.S. 312, 317-318 (1981) (holding that a public defender does not act under color of state law for purposes of section 1983 when performing a lawyer's traditional functions as counsel to a defendant in a criminal proceeding).
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