The following excerpt is from Avery v. Nangalama, Case No. 2:08-cv-02873-MSB (E.D. Cal. 2011):
Title 42 U.S.C. 1983 provides a cause of action against persons acting under color of state law who have violated rights guaranteed by the United States Constitution. See Buckley v. City of Redding, 66 F.3d 188, 190 (9th Cir. 1995); Demery v. Kupperman, 735 F.2d 1139, 1146 (9th Cir. 1984).
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