The following excerpt is from O'Connor v. Hooks, No. 2:20-cv-0135 CKD P (E.D. Cal. 2020):
Plaintiff is reminded that if he elects to amend, the court cannot refer to a prior pleading in order to make the third amended complaint complete. Local Rule 220 requires that an amended complaint be complete in itself without reference to any prior pleading. This is because, as a general rule, an any amended complaint supersedes all other pleadings. See Loux v. Rhay, 375 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir. 1967).
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