Can a defendant plead qualified immunity in a civil case?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Ruiz v. Flores, CASE NO. 1:14-cv-00179 AWI SMS (E.D. Cal. 2015):

"Because qualified immunity is an affirmative defense from suit, not merely from liability, '[u]nless the plaintiff's allegations state a claim of violation of clearly established law, a defendant pleading qualified immunity is entitled to dismissal before the commencement of discovery.'" Doe By and Through Doe v. Petaluma City School Dist., 54 F.3d 1447, 1449-50 (9th Cir.1995) (quoting Mitchell v. Forsyth, 472 U.S. 511, 526 (1985)).

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