California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Roark, C051218 (Cal. App. 10/10/2007), C051218 (Cal. App. 2007):
When reviewing a trial court's ruling on a motion to suppress, we uphold the trial court's factual findings, express or implied, that are supported by substantial evidence and exercise our independent judgment to measure the facts as found against the constitutional standard of reasonableness. (People v. Leyba (1981) 29 Cal.3d 591, 596-597.)
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