What is the test for probable cause seizures under the Fourth Amendment?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Hannah, 51 Cal.App.4th 1335, 59 Cal.Rptr.2d 806 (Cal. App. 1996):
" [S]ome seizures admittedly covered by the Fourth Amendment constitute such limited intrusions on the personal security of those detained and are justified by such substantial law enforcement interests that they may be made on less than probable cause, so long as police have an articulable basis for suspecting criminal activity." [51 Cal.App.4th 1342] Michigan v. Summers, supra, 452 U.S. at p. 699, 101 S.Ct. at pp. 2592-2593.)
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