What is the test for establishing reasonable suspicion in a motor vehicle stop?
The following excerpt is from San Joaquin Deputy Sheriffs' Ass'n v. Cnty. of San Joaquin, NO. CIV. S-12-1361 LKK/GGH (E.D. Cal. 2012):
To initiate an investigatory stop of a motorist, there must "at least exist reasonable suspicion that the motorist is engaging in illegal activity." Liberal v. Estrada, 632 F.3d 1064, 1077 (9th Cir. 2011). To form a reasonable suspicion, an officer must have "specific, articulable facts which, together with objective and reasonable inferences, form the basis for suspecting that the particular person detained engaged in criminal activity." Id.
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(citing United States v. Lopez-Soto, 205 F.3d 1101, 1105 (9th Cir. 2000)).
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