California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Yoon v. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Dev. Corp., 2d Civil No. B255584 (Cal. App. 2015):
supports a reasonable inference that the action was initiated not only without probable cause, but also for an improper purpose, such as forcing a monetary settlement unrelated to the claim's merits. (Cole, supra, 206 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1113-1114; Jay v. Mahaffey, supra, 218 Cal.App.4th at p. 1544.)
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